Hjulström Maskin AB

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2000, CNC Lathe Okuma LB 300-M Kljdpfx Aeylv Utshwsn Control: OSP-U100L Year of manufacture: 2000 Turning length: 1,000 mm Turning diameter: 430 mm Spindle speed: 4,200 rpm Tool turret: 12 stations (driven) Tool holder: VDI 40 Equipment: One touch IGF Chip conveyor Touchsetter 3-jaw chuck Tailstock Parts catcher Short bar loader Samsys 3000 (optional)

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2014, CNC Lathe Okuma LU 3000 EX MY 2SC950 Control: OSP-P300 Year of manufacture: 2014 Ksdpfx Ahoyluvijwsln Max. turning length: 950 mm Max. turning diameter: 340 mm Max. swing over cross slide: 380 mm Max. swing over bed: 580 mm Max. spindle speed: 4,200 rpm Tool holder: BMT 2 tool turrets A turret: 12 tool stations (all driven) B turret: 8 tool stations Tailstock Chip conveyor Hydraulic power chuck B210/A8 Touchsetter High-pressure coolant pump Enlarged coolant tank

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2004, operating hours: 11,287 h, functionality: fully functional, turning diameter over cross slide: 370 mm, turning length: 1,000 mm, turning diameter: 350 mm, spindle bore: 62 mm, spindle speed (max.): 5,200 rpm, Equipment: documentation/manual, rotational speed infinitely variable, Okuma LU300 MC-1000 Klsdjylpzaepfx Ahwon A-turret VDI40 with 12 positions, all driven (M-tools), B-turret VDI40 with 8 positions, Touch Setter for both A & B turrets, manual tailstock, chip conveyor, 8 bar coolant pump, extraction system, Samsys Multi-3000 bar feeder, chucks & tools available as options.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2011, CNC Lathe Okuma Genos L300E-M incl. bar feeder Samsys M3000SL Control: OSP-P200L-R Year of manufacture: 2011 Turning length: 1,250 mm Turning diameter: 300 mm Spindle bore: 70 mm Turret: 12 positions – all driven Spindle speed: 45 – 4,500 rpm Toolholder: VDI 40 Accessories/Equipment: - Chip conveyor - 3-jaw chuck Ø 250 mm - Hainbuch collet chuck - Touch setter - Tailstock Kjdpfeyli T Njx Ahweln - Coolant pump - Bar feeder Samsys Multi 3000SL - Various accessories (see pictures)

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2013, CNC Lathe Okuma LB 3000 EX II-M C1000 Kledpsylh Sdofx Ahwon Control: OSP-300L Year of manufacture: 2013 Turning length: 1,000 mm Turning diameter: 340 mm Swing diameter over bed: 580 mm Spindle speed: 45 – 5,000 rpm Tool turret: 12 stations (driven) Tool holder: VDI 40 Equipment: Chip conveyor Touchsetter OneTouch IGF NC tailstock 3-jaw power chuck Forkardt 3QLC/K250

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2018, CNC Lathe Okuma LB 3000 EX II Control: OSP-P300LA Year of manufacture: 2018 Turning length: 500 mm Turning diameter: 340 mm Swing diameter over bed: 530 mm Spindle speed: 45 – 5,000 rpm Tool turret: 12 stations (driven) Tool holder: BMT 65 Spindle bore: Ø 72 mm Equipment: Chip conveyor Parts catcher Touchsetter Programmable sub-spindle One Touch IGF Klsdpfx Ajylhmuehwjn 3-jaw power chuck Kitagawa Various driven and static tools

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2019, CNC Lathe Okuma LB 3000 EX II-MYW 800 Control: OSP-300LA Year of manufacture: 2019 Distance between centers or spindle noses: 1,085 mm Swing diameter over cross slide / bed: 340 / 580 mm X-axis travel: 260 mm Y-axis travel: 115 mm Z-axis travel: 1,010 mm C-axis travel: 360 mm W-axis travel: 895 mm Main spindle speed: 45 - 5,000 rpm Sub spindle speed: 45 - 6,000 rpm Kledsyk Tbhspfx Ahwen Spindle mounting: BMT 60 Tool turret: V12 (driven) Equipment: Chip conveyor One Touch IGF Touch setter Main spindle Hainbuch Ø 65 mm Sub spindle SMW Autoblok KNCS-N 170-43 Coolant system HMF-980 with paper band filter Bar loader / robot interface prepared

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2007, CNC Lathe Okuma LB 3000 EX -M C1000 Control: OSP-P200 Year of manufacture: 2007 Turning length: 1,000 mm Turning diameter: 340 mm Swing over bed: 580 mm Kledsyk Sgpopfx Ahwsn Spindle speed: 45 – 5,000 rpm Tool turret: 12 stations (driven) Bar capacity: 80 mm Direct mount: BMT 60 Equipment: - One touch IGF - Chip conveyor - Touch setter - 3-jaw chuck (SMW 315 HB), bore 85 mm - NC tailstock - Multilingual control - Coolant pump 8 bar

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), Year of construction: 2023, operating hours: 50 h, functionality: fully functional, CNC Lathe Okuma LU 3000 M2SC 1000 / Demonstration Machine Control: OSP-P300LA Year of manufacture: 2023 Ksdpfxsyk Sf Sj Ahwoln Spindle hours approx. 50 h Turning length: 1,000 mm Turning diameter: 340 mm Spindle speed: 5 - 5,000 rpm Tool system: VDI 40 2 tool turrets A turret: 12 tool stations, all driven B turret: 8 tool stations Tailstock Chip conveyor 3-jaw chuck Kitagawa B210 Touchsetter T One Touch IGF Handwheel on control panel

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2020, operating hours: 16,500 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: ML0337-000283, turning diameter over cross slide: 400 mm, turning length: 510 mm, turning diameter: 300 mm, spindle bore: 68 mm, spindle speed (max.): 4,500 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 205 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 560 mm, spindle motor power: 12,600 W, rapid traverse X-axis: 30 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 36 m/min, total height: 1,693 mm, total length: 2,570 mm, total width: 1,595 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 300 kg, overall weight: 3,480 kg, Equipment: documentation/manual, rotational speed infinitely variable, Very stable roller-guided 3-axis CNC lathe with tailstock, suitable for series and single-part machining. Siemens 828 D control Coolant gun Pressure boost approx. 15 bar LNS chip conveyor, hinged belt, side design Tool holder Klsdpfx Aheykzz Aowjn

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2022, operating hours: 950 h, functionality: fully functional, turning diameter over cross slide: 600 mm, turning length: 510 mm, turning diameter: 300 mm, spindle bore: 65 mm, spindle speed (max.): 4,500 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 205 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 105 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 560 mm, spindle motor power: 15,000 W, Doosan Lynx 2100LY CNC Lathe – 4 Axes – Extended Spindle Bore 65 mm Year of Manufacture: 06/2022 Delivered and commissioned in Poland: November 2022 Operating Hours: approx. 950h (exact figure available on request). Fully documented. Condition: Perfect, extremely well maintained. The machine has seen very light use, mostly machining small parts with diameters of 15–30 mm. Located near Warsaw – immediate availability. Detailed technical specification and equipment: 1) Number of axes: 4 (X, Y, Z, C) - Swing over bed: 600 mm - Maximum turning diameter: 300 mm - Maximum turning length: 510 mm - Bar capacity in spindle: 65 mm 2) Main spindle: - 3-jaw chuck: 210 mm - Spindle nose: A2-6 ASA - Spindle diameter (front/rear): (110/76) mm - Spindle bore: 76 mm - Draw tube bore: 68 mm - Spindle drive motor (continuous/30 min): 11/15 kW - Spindle speed range: up to 4,500 rpm - Max. spindle torque: 169.0 Nm 3) Axis travels: - X-axis: 205 mm - Y-axis: 105 mm (+/-52.5 mm) - Z-axis: 560 mm - C-axis: 360° 4) Turret: - Tool holders: BMT 45 P - Number of tools: 12/24 - Tool size: 20 x 20 mm 5) Control: FANUC - Screen: 15" Color LCD Equipment: - DOOSAN LYNX 2100 LYB / FANUC with graphic software support (Manual Guide) - Automatic tool probe - Supplied toolholders: * 1x longitudinal toolholder (850418-00278A) * 2x cross toolholders (850418-00276) * 1x dual toolholder (850418-00343B) * 2x boring/drilling holders (850418-00713) * 1x triple boring/drilling holder (850418-00462A) * 2x straight driven toolholders with external cooling (R78831B) Kjdpfsyku Agex Ahwjln * 2x right angle driven toolholders with external cooling (850418-00441) - Hydraulic 3-jaw chuck, 210 mm - Y-axis - Parts catcher with box - Coolant oil skimmer (oil separation system) - Bar feeder interface - 20-bar high-pressure coolant pump (high pressure system – ideal for stainless steel machining) - Programmable tailstock - Automatic chip conveyor - Tool monitoring system - Integrated Ethernet network card - Chip tray - Coolant tank - Toolbox - Additionally: Spare set of lubricants (headstock drive oil, chuck grease, hydraulic unit oil) – top quality, purchased according to manufacturer’s requirements - All documentation, manuals, full set of wrenches and transport locks - Factory transport cover (sheet metal) For further details or to arrange a viewing near Warsaw, please get in touch. The machine is available immediately.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2008, functionality: fully functional, turning length: 500 mm, turning diameter: 340 mm, travel distance X-axis: 260 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 565 mm, Machine type: CNC Turning Machine Manufacturer: Okuma Model: LB3000EX C500 Year of manufacture: 2008 Control: OSP-P200L Country of origin: Japan Availability: Short-term, by arrangement Very good condition! NC tailstock! Touch setter! C-axis! M-drive! New chip conveyor! The lathe is in excellent technical and visual condition. The machine produces with precision and is ready for immediate operation. It is equipped with an extensive range of standard and additional features. Machine Features - NC tailstock version: Preset tailstock positions, easily recalled as needed - 2-axis machine - M-drive – driven tools with C-axis - Touch setter – tool measurement device - Parts catcher and parts collection bin (workpiece chute and collection box) - Interface for bar feeder - Interface for load magazine or material feed - Ethernet interface with browser and DNC-T1 for program transfer - Conversational programming "one touch IGF" with automatic job plan creation - Chuck pressure high/low pressure settings - Tool monitoring system for tool life and breakage - Harmonic spindle speed oscillation through periodic RPM variation - 15'' screen with 3-D color graphics, touch screen - Parts program storage 2GB - 12-position tool turret - Three-jaw power chuck – Kitagawa B210 - Chip conveyor (new and unused, built in 2026) Technical Data Working area - Swing over bed: Ø 580mm - Swing over carriage: Ø 470mm - Center distance: 520mm - Max. turning diameter: Ø 340mm - Max. turning length: 500mm Travel paths - X-axis: 260mm - Z-axis: 565mm - C-axis: 360° Main spindle - Speed: 45~5000 rpm - Number of speed ranges: Infinitely variable, 2 ranges - Draw tube diameter: 64mm (80mm spindle bore) - Main spindle cylinder opening: 64mm - Main spindle chuck: Kitagawa B210 hollow chuck Turret - Design: V12-M - Number of tool stations: L/M 12 - Turret indexing: 0.1 sec. Driven tools Kodpfx Ahsykrkhowjln - Speed: 45~6000 rpm - Number of speed ranges: infinitely variable Feeds / Rapid traverse - X: 25 m/min , Z: 30 m/min - Tailstock: 12 m/min - C-axis: 200 rpm Tailstock - Travel: 515 mm Drives - Main spindle: 30/22 kW - M-drive spindle: 7.1/4.1 kW - Axis drives: X: 2.8 kW, Z: 3.5 kW Machine dimensions: approx. 2200 x 1734 mm Machine height: approx. 1839 mm Weight: approx. 4550 kg Optional - Transport organization and execution - Machine placement and installation - Machine commissioning and handover ready for production

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2003, turning diameter 0324 mm turning length 600 mm control 840D shop turn turret head 12 pos. swing over bed 680 mm spindle turning speed - stepless 0 - 5000 rpm swing diameter over bed slide 565 mm spindle bore 79 mm drive capacity - workpiece 25 kW x-axis 260 mm y-axis +/- 40 mm z-axis 635 mm rapid traverse 60/15/45 m/min toolpiece turning speed range 4500 U/min total power requirement 50 KVA weight of the machine ca. 6,5 t Klsdpfx Ahsyi Hpiowjn dimensions of the machine ca. 4,5 x 2,4 x 2,1 m Machine has C-axe, Y- axe and live tooling. Control: Siemens 840 D shop turn. Machine has tail stock and power chuck.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2013, Immediately available from university: L & Z Lathe Eagle Type LC 340 Year of manufacture: 2013 Centre height: 170 mm Swing over bed: 340 mm Swing over support: 205 mm Turning length: 1,000 mm Spindle bore: 38 mm Drive: 1.5 kW Spindle speeds: 60–2,000 rpm Tailstock quill: 40 mm Chuck: 160 mm Faceplate: 200 mm Kljdoyh Acmjpfx Ahwsn Four-way tool holder Weight: 2 t Offered at a price of EUR 3,000 – plus VAT, ex location.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2003, Max. turning dia. 320 mm Max. turning length 450 mm Spindle speed 5000 rpm Klodoyhzfgjpfx Ahwen Spindle speed on live tools 4500 rpm X/Z - 240/495 mm Y-axis +/- 50 mm No. of stations in turret 2 x 12 pcs Control: Mazatrol PC-Fusion 640 T Equipped with: Gantry loader w/feeder

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1996, turning diameter 320 mm Ksdpfx Aheyg Rbdowsln turning length 1100 mm control Fanuc

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, control Heidenhain Plus IT turning diameter 324 mm turning length 600 mm max. swing diameter 680 mm Swingdiameter above X-guide 565 mm chuck diameter 200 mm spindle diameter in front bearing 120 mm Kodjyg Ramspfx Ahwoln spindle bore 79 mm spindle tunring speed 4.000 U/min power requirement 33/47 kW torque 375/530 Nm number of tool places 12 Pos. tool taper VDI 40 Number of working hours 25.318 h spindle hours 9.392 h In our assessment, the machine is in good used condition and can be inspected under power by appointment. Technical Features & Accessories: - C-axis - Tool drive - Partial hollow chuck - Chip conveyor - Tailstock - Tool measuring device - Bar machining package - Short bar feeder, LNS Quickload Servo 3 Accessories, tools, and clamping devices shown are only included in the scope of delivery if this is noted in the additional information. Technical data and specifications are subject to change without notice. Prior sale is reserved.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, EMCO Hyperturn 45 – CNC Turning Machine - Siemens SINUMERIK CNC control system - Main spindle equipped with a full clamping cylinder (operation with bar feeder not possible; loading and unloading via automatic swing loader, see video) - Year of manufacture: 2011 Technical Data Working Area: - Maximum swing diameter over bed: 430 mm - Swing diameter over cross slide: 300 mm - Maximum turning diameter: 300 mm - Maximum part length: 480 mm - Maximum bar capacity: 45 mm - Distance between main and counter spindle (spindle noses): 720 mm Slide Travel Range: - Slide travel X / X2: 160 / 150 mm - Slide travel Z / Z2 / Z3: 510 / 510 / 510 mm Main Spindle (Spindle 1): - Spindle mount – DIN 55026: KK 5 - Spindle bore: 53 mm - Spindle bearing (internal diameter): 85 mm - Maximum mass moment of inertia for clamping device and workpiece: 0.08 kgm² Main Spindle Clamping System: - Hollow clamping cylinder (hydraulic) with draw tube, max. bar passage: 45 mm - Max. standard chuck size: 160 mm Main Spindle Drive: - AC hollow shaft spindle motor, power (100%/40% duty cycle): 11 / 15 kW - Speed range (infinitely variable): 0 – 7,000 rpm - Max. spindle torque: 100 Nm Counter Spindle (Spindle 2): - Spindle mount – DIN 55026: KK 5 - Spindle bore: 53 mm - Spindle bearing (internal diameter): 85 mm - Z3 travel: 510 mm - Traverse speed: 45 m/min - Maximum mass moment of inertia for clamping device and workpiece: 0.08 kgm² - Counter spindle clamping system: hollow clamping cylinder with draw tube and integrated pneumatic parts ejector - Max. chuck size: 160 mm Counter Spindle Drive: - AC hollow shaft spindle motor, power (100%/40% duty cycle): 11 / 15 kW - Speed range (infinitely variable): 0 – 7,000 rpm - Max. spindle torque: 100 Nm C Axes (Spindles 1 and 2): - Circular axis resolution: 0.001° - Rapid traverse speed: 1000 / 100 rpm - Spindle indexing (disc brake): 0.01° Feed Drives: - Rapid traverse X / Z: 30 / 45 m/min - Feed force X: 4,000 N - Feed force Z / Z2 / Z3: 5,000 / 5,000 / 6,000 N - Position scatter width Ps per VDI 3441 in X / Y / Z: 3 / 3 / 3 µm Turrets 1 and 2 (upper and lower system): - Radial tool turret with directional logic and driven tools - Number of tool stations per turret: 12 - Tool holders according to DIN 69880: VDI 25 - Tool cross-section (square tools): 16 × 16 mm - Boring bar shank diameter: 25 mm - Turret indexing time: 0.2 s Driven Tool Stations (coupling according to DIN 5480): - Number of driven tool stations per turret: 12 - Speed range: 0 – 6,000 rpm - Maximum drive power: 4 kW - Maximum torque: 16 Nm - Maximum duty cycle at maximum speed or power: 25% Lubrication System: - Guideways, ball screws: automatic central oil lubrication - Main spindle, counter spindle: grease lubrication Chip Conveyor: - Hinged belt conveyor, discharge height: 1,200 mm Klsdpfeyglx Rjx Ahwon Electrical Connection: - Power supply: 400 V ~3/PE - Machine connected load: 30 kVA - Max. main fuse for the machine: 80 A - Required short-circuit power: 2,500 kVA Dimensions / Weights: - Height of spindle axis above floor: 1,126 mm - Overall height (incl. oil mist separator): 2,325 mm - Footprint (incl. chip conveyor, without cooling unit): 3,830 × 1,950 mm - Net weight of the machine without chip conveyor: 4,200 kg Sound Pressure Level: - Average sound pressure level: 78 dB(A)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, functionality: fully functional, turning diameter over cross slide: 530 mm, turning length: 600 mm, turning diameter: 450 mm, spindle bore: 90 mm, spindle speed (max.): 3,500 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 250 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 670 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 24 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 24 m/min, bar passage: 75 mm, chuck outer diameter: 250 mm, Equipment: rotational speed infinitely variable, Affordable used equipment in good condition, available for inspection in D-49393 Lohne. Klodpfx Aeyghakohwen

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2020, functionality: fully functional, turning length: 510 mm, turning diameter: 300 mm, spindle bore: 65 mm, spindle speed (max.): 6,000 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 205 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 105 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 560 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 30 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 36 m/min, Doosan LYNX 2100LYA – CNC Turning Center – 2020– Excellent Condition, Ready to Work! We offer for sale the Doosan LYNX 2100LYA CNC turning center, a high-performance machine for precise machining of rotational parts such as shafts, cones, spheres, and internal/external threads. The machine is in excellent technical condition, available immediately and ready for inspection. Key Features: High precision and reliability for both series and single-part production Large turret with 24 tools (including driven tools) Control system: Siemens Sinumerik 828D Powerful spindle and driven tools for high productivity Spindle bore 61 mm allows machining of various workpieces Technical Data: Max. turning length: 510 mm Max. turning diameter: 300 mm Kledpfoyftfiex Ahwsn Clearance over bed: 600 mm Clearance over carriage: 400 mm Spindle bore: 61 mm Max. bar diameter: 51 mm Max. spindle speed: 6000 rpm Number of turret tools: 24 (driven tools included) Control system: SIEMENS Sinmerik 828D Year of manufacture: 2020 Dimensions (L x W x H): 2805 x 1582 x 1693 mm Weight: 3500 kg The machine is ready for immediate operation, connected to power, and available for inspection.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2019, functionality: fully functional, turning length: 510 mm, turning diameter: 300 mm, spindle bore: 61 mm, spindle speed (max.): 6,000 rpm, travel distance X-axis: 210 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 560 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 30 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 36 m/min, Doosan LYNX 2100LMA – CNC Turning Center – 2019 – Excellent Condition, Ready to Work! We offer for sale the Doosan LYNX 2100LM CNC turning center, a high-performance machine for precise machining of rotational parts such as shafts, cones, spheres, and internal/external threads. The machine is in excellent technical condition, available immediately and ready for inspection. Key Features: High precision and reliability for both series and single-part production Large turret with 24 tools (including driven tools) Control system: SIEMENS Sinumerik 828D Powerful spindle and driven tools for high productivity Kedpfjyftatex Ahwjln Spindle bore 61 mm allows machining of various workpieces Technical Data: Max. turning length: 510 mm Max. turning diameter: 300 mm Clearance over bed: 600 mm Clearance over carriage: 400 mm Spindle bore: 61 mm Max. bar diameter: 51 mm Max. spindle speed: 6000 rpm Number of turret tools: 24 (driven tools included) Control system: SIEMENS Sinmerik 828D Year of manufacture: 2019 Dimensions (L x W x H): 2805 x 1582 x 1693 mm Weight: 3500 kg The machine is ready for immediate operation, connected to power, and available for inspection.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2006, Technical details: Kljdpfx Aeyfg Udehwon turning diameter: 360 mm turning length: 1000 mm total power requirement: 5,5 kW centre height: 180 mm swing diameter over longit. slide guides: 335 mm max. turning dia. over cross-slide: 198 mm bed width: 250 mm main spindle bore: 42 mm spindle turning speed range: 1-4000 U/min Tailstock diameter: 58 mm Morse taper tailstock: MK 3

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2013, 370mm max. machining diameter, 651mm swing over bed, 461mm swing over cross-slide, 712mm max turned length, 3500rpm spindle, 76mm bar capacity, 12 station turret, Ksdpfx Aeyffz Nohwjln 15kW spindle motor, FANUC Oi control, collet chuck , C axis & Milling, Tool presetter, Tailstock, coolant, swarf conveyor, parts catcher.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1991, turning diameter over cross slide: 300 mm, turning length: 600 mm, turning diameter: 450 mm, spindle speed (max.): 6,000 rpm, overall weight: 4,000 kg, Fanuc OT 12-position turret Spindle speed: 6000 rpm Capacity: 600 x 450 mm on bed, 300 mm on cross slide Kedpjydv Aujfx Ahwoln Chip conveyor Weight: 4000 kg

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2016, operating hours: 4,850 h, DMG Mori Ecoturn 510 V4 CNC Lathe In very good condition, year of manufacture 2016. Machine specifications: Maximum spindle speed: 3,250 rpm Spindle bore: 103mm Bar capacity: 76mm Distance between centers: 1,150mm Swing over bed: 680mm Swing over cross slide: 465mm Hydraulic chuck size: 250mm Kledpfx Asydvcbohwon Equipped with: VDI40 turret with 12 stations Chip conveyor High-pressure coolant Siemens control Hydraulic chuck Maximum machine dimensions including chip conveyor: 5,320 x 1,809 x 2,161mm (including signal lamp, excluding control panel) Weight: approximately 6,700kg The machine is supplied with various holders, driven tools, turning tools, drills, and other accessories in a neat tool cabinet. All manuals and electrical diagrams are also included.